Modulation of photoluminescence and optical limiting properties of spray-coated tin oxide thin film through Eu doping

Abstract This work reports the effect of Eu doping on structural, morphological, linear, and nonlinear optical properties Sn 1− x O 2 ( = 0 to 0.10) thin films prepared using spray pyrolysis. The crystallized in tetragonal structure crystallite size reduced due incorporation. film morphology consisted evenly distributed dense grains with trapezohedron or bipyramidal shape. transmittance energy band gap deposited films. photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra comprised contributions from both transitions related 3+ ions defects, such as oxygen vacancies tin interstitials host lattice. also showed a near white light different defect-related PL emissions. Z-scan technique revealed third-order nonlinearity shown by Amongst doped films, 0.92 0.08 exhibited least limiting threshold. Graphical abstract